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Eileen Gray |
I am ashamed
to say I knew nothing of the important woman designer and architect Eileen Gray
until earlier this year when we happened upon something about her in an antique
shop. My friend knew of her and
suggested she was worth investigating, I did and I agree, she’s a fascinating
woman.
The Eileen
Gray story has everything....wealth and austerity, fame and obscurity, youth, beauty
and style, love and love lost and overall, extraordinary talent and style.
Eileen Gray
was born in Ireland in 1878 to a wealthy, privileged family. Her father was a painter, her mother a
baroness and their fifth and last child was always encouraged to be creative. She was one of the first women to study at
the Slade School of Fine Art in London and she also studied in Paris. France became home for much of her life.
What I would
like to do is to continue the Eileen Gray story from it’s middle because I can’t
get this romantic tale out of my head.
Eileen was
becoming reasonably well known as a designer when she met a struggling Romanian
architect named Jean Badovici. They
became lovers and he encouraged her to become an architect despite her having no
formal qualifications. Her first real
project was to design a holiday house for Badovici. She was very serious about this and spent weeks
travelling up and down the coastline of the French Riviera in her MG roadster trying to find the
perfect site for the home.
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Veranda to enjoy view of Bay of Monaco |
She had been looking all
one summer day in 1926, driving up the narrow winding mountain roads from Menton to Roquebrune-Cap-Martin. She parked at the railway station, deciding to have a swim, grabbing her suit and towel from the car and walking across a narrow path and then along the cliffs until she came to a platform which she realized would be the perfect site. She bought the land and had the deeds put in the name of
her lover, Jean Badovivi.
Eileen
designed the home with particular regard to the wind and angles of the sun at
different times of the day. The rooms
were designed so that the private rooms were at the back, facing the woods and
the public rooms for entertaining faced the sea. The building was like a ship using forms
which were long and narrow with many decks for the views. Eileen named this house E-1027. The E was for Eileen. 10 was for Jean (10th letter in
the alphabet). 2 was for Badovici and 7 was for Grey.
Eileen
stayed on site for the 3 years it took to build, living alone, supervising the project. She also designed all the furniture
for the home. E-1027 was a huge
undertaking for an architect of little experience and she did not stray from
her vision of the home.
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E-1027 house, note the life preserver ring hanging off the veranda |
Upon
completion she and Badovici, as well as
friends, would enjoy the beautiful house and location. One of Badovici’s friends was the famous
French architect and designer Le Corbusier.
On an occasion when Eileen was not at E-1027, Le Corbusier painted 8
murals in the home. Eileen was furious
as the large art works did not fit her vision of the house and she wanted
them removed. This did not happen however and Eileen never returned to the
house.
The relationship with Badovici broke up and because his name was on the
deed he was the recipient of a very expensive gift from the independently
wealthy Gray.
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One of 8 LeCorbusier muras in E-1027l |
During WW2 the
house was occupied first by Italian soldiers and then by the Germans. Eileen was not disappointed when she found
that the Germans had used the Le Corbusier murals as target practise!
After
Badovici died, there were a series of
owners who stripped the house of furniture, selling it ( known to be valuable)
and the home fell into disrepair.
The valuable Le Corbusier murals and the realisation that Eileen Gray is
an important modern architect have now encouraged the restoration of this
wonderful building.
Eileen Gray died in 1976, in Paris, after a fall. She was 98 years old and still working until the end. She was a pioneer in the modern movement of architecture.
I will write another blog post about this designer as this house was only one part of her very interesting life.
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E-1027 House |